Roshan Sah

Introduction

Software development skills on the basics of development for which it requires solution and requirement changes via cooperation or any business among cross functional and self-organising teams. Main advantage of Agile development is that it allows teams to create value more quickly, with more adaptability to change and with predictability and higher quality, The two most prominent Agile techniques are Scrum and Kanban.

Agile project management methodology is a project management method which involves continual iteration and working in collaboration. At modern day, the term Agile refers to both these concepts and the frame works used to put them into action, such as Adaptive Project Framework (APF), Kanban, Extreme Programming (XP)and Scrum.

Agile Roles & Responsibilities

After reaching inside into the Scrum framework’s roles and responsibilities for Agile deployment. The following are some major distinctions in team creating exercises:

• Formation of multidisciplinary teams of cross-functional competence.
• Domain specialists having a comprehensive understanding and views on the business elements related with their job areas
• Stable team structures capable of iterating and improving SDLC procedures on an ongoing basis.

 

Product owner

Project stakeholder are represented by product owner, which hob is to establish the better ways for project advancement. This is primary responsibility of product development.

Product owner understand the project’s needs from the point of view of the stakeholders and possesses the required soft or fundamental skills to communicate the needs and requirements to the product of development team member. Product Owner also knows the long-term company strategy. Product owner connects the project with all stakeholders’ requirements and basic expectations. End-user feedback is used to identify acceptable next-best action strategy for development throughout the project cycle,.

Product owner’s primary tasks includes the following:

• Scrum backlogs management
• Release management
• Stakeholder management

Team lead/Scrum master

The Development Team is made up of people whose tasks never limited to project development. The development team assumes the cross functional duties required to turn a concept or need concrete product for its end users. One or more than one dev team members may have the necessary skills:

• Product designer
• Writer
• Programmer
• Tester
• UX specialist

In the development team everyone is not an engineer but they can be a part of the team. The product can get ta boosted rate if there is highly talented team. The team member should have software skills that allows them to do task more fluently and its and addition to talent. They should be self-organising and complete task while question or issues arise, development team should be capable to take situation under control.

Development Team’s primary responsibility is to complete work sprints in accordance with the Product Owner’s directions and as organized by the Scrum Master. To discuss project progress with colleagues and the Scrum Master, a daily stand-up meeting called the Daily meeting is held. This action promotes openness and allows the Team to implement modifications as needed in later sprints based on Product Owner review.

Benefits of Agile Development

1. Organising Changes More Effectively:

Also breaking down the process into smaller phases, many team are able to concentrate on giving price or value without having to gather all of the requirements at early. At the conclusion of each repetition, the agile team will go over the backlog of feature and prioritize where they can spend their effort in the following sprint backlog.

• Better Customer Engagement:

Agile development requests clients majorly to get involved while in project development process. The team has to rely on clients to prioritize what information will be included in the later sprint and assess working product in duration of review meetings. This constant engagement decreases gap between what the customer needs and what the agile developers will offer.

3. Highlights on the Highest Priorities First:

Many decisions must be made in a software development environment, and it is difficult to keep track of them all. The to do list ultimately is product backlog which is visible to everybody.

4. More Productivity:

Agile developments makes greater use of client and team resources, allowing them to get up and running sooner and stay productive throughout. There is always a milestone and a deadline when work is split down into iterations. Developers are always refactoring and pushing ahead. During the exploration and design phases, they will not be idle and waiting for employment.

5. Product Owner Review:

With task divided into sprint, you may offer previous feedback, ongoing feedback, and after each one. This cooperation gives continuous chances to ensure that the agile team is on track to meet the cooperative or business objectives.

6. Increment Collaborative Environment:

Customer collaboration with individuals’ interactions, and are all valued in Agile. Throughout the process, all team members have shown their support. The project’s success is dependent on recognizing and managing every people subject matter knowledge.

7. Visible:

Agile development allows you to witness and become passionately acquainted with the project from conception to conclusion. You may offer comments as the application develops while watching it evolve.

8. Accuracy:

The team’s velocity will be known after a sprint. This enables better planning which will act as a guardian for what can be able to accomplish in future sprints.

9. Key or Main Features First:

Agile development enables member and team to give priority and have better transparency on the issues that have the most influence on the company in order to produce value more quickly.

10. Agreement on Clear Definitions (DONE):

We establish criteria for these definitions in the Agile world. “Done” might imply that it has been thoroughly tested and that it is ready for testing to stakeholder. Agile developers are more accountable, and all of us is on the same page when it comes to goals.

11. Better Transparency:

Agile is quite transparent like water. From stakeholders, clients to the development team, is aware of what is and is not being done, as well as who is making choices. Projects tend to go quicker when the entire team knows the broad idea.

Using an Agile method to project development has numerous advantages. Getting the whell rolling necessitates effort on the front end in order to enjoy the advantages of a successful project in the long run which can be fruitful.

Scrum

Scrum simply means the methodology for solving complex issues while delivering, producing solution in creative and productive way.

Scrum helps individuals since it is light weight framework, organizations and team members makes value by allowing them to adapt to tougher problems. Scrum co-creators Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland created Scrum Guide to teach Scrum in a simple and also in concise manner. Scrum’s events and accountabilities, artifacts, and the guide that chain them together.

Scrum compels to create an environment for Scrum Master which consists of following:

• Product manager orders task for a solution and difficult problem using backlog.
• While in each Sprint, the Scrum group adjusts selection of work for more value increment.
• Scrum Team and its clients evaluate the outcomes and defines the requirement for up coming sprints.
• Now its repeated till done.

The Scrum Framework

Scrum is very straightforward. The polar opposite of a hard or complex web of interconnected necessary component overall. Scrum is a process, not a technique. Scrum employs empiricism as a scientific technique. In order to deal with unpredictability and handle complex challenges, Scrum substitutes a programmed structure algorithmic technique with a furious approach based on respect to person and self – organization. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland has stated in their software book, takes us from planning of software through delivery in action of scrum.

The Scrum Events

Scrum uses predefined events to enhance consistency and eliminate the need for non-Scrum meetings. All events have a time limit. A Sprint’s duration is set once it begins and cannot be decreased or prolonged. The other remaining events may be terminated if the events objective is met or removed, ensuring that a sufficient time is spent without permitting change in the process. The Scrum Events in process are as follows:

•  Sprint.
• Sprint planning.
• Daily scrum.
• Sprint review.
• Sprint retrospective.

Extreme programming (XP)

Extreme Programming is a project or software development approach and its objective is to increase the quality of project and its flexibility regarding the adaption to changing customer or clients demands.

While working on the Chrysler Comprehensive Compensation System (C3) to assist manage the company’s compensation in the mid to late 1990s, software developer Ken Beck pioneered the Extreme Programming technique. He published Extreme Programming Explained in 1999, which explained the entire technique for other group member, and in short time thereafter, the official website was launched. Extreme Programming, like other Agile development methods, sees to give repeated  and frequent minor releases in process of the project, this allows both members and customers to monitor and analyse the project’s completion across  SDLC.

Here are particular perspectives on SDLC as follows:

• V – Model
• Conceptual Model
• Test – Driven Development
• Rapid Application Development

Extreme Rule

• Planning.
• Managing.
• Designing.
• Coding.
• Testing.

Extreme Practices

• Pair Programming

To sum up, pair programming means that two individuals work in the team on the same project at the same time interval to produce any production code. Extreme Programming encourages improved communication and teamwork by constantly switching partners within the team.

• Planning game

This frequently takes the shape of a meeting at a regular and well-defined interval (every one or two weeks), when the majority of project planning takes place. Phases are like Steering Phase, Exploration and Commitment.

• Tests Driven Development

Test is fundamental part of extreme programming; the idea is known by all developers widely. Code is written for testing, when test is passed the project is passed for future production.

• Seamless integration

The main concept about Seamless integration, there is many developers that has to code at same time and push and merge to one common repository. That can be challenging and many individual can face problem which can be solved by discussing in team.

Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM)

The Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) is agile way in which it addresses both whole project lifecycle to complete it and its commercial impact. DSDM, like larger agile concept, is more iterative way for the software development, and the framework specifically says that “any project must be linked to well defined strategic goals and focus on early delivery of tangible business benefits.” Four key concepts underpin the approach, implementation and also business analysis design and build iteration, and implementation, , functional model and prototype iteration.

Strengths and Weakness

DSDM’s advantages are:

• basic product functionality may be supplied quickly.
• End consumers are easily accessible to developers.
• Projects are consistently finished on schedule.

DSDM’s flaws are:

• Can represent a significant and disruptive shift in business culture
• Implementation is expensive.
• Not suitable for small businesses.

Eight Principles

The fundamental concepts of the dynamic systems development method are:

1. Business Focus:

Team in DSDM should develop a feasible business scenario and maintain support of organization throughout the scrum project.

2. On Time Delivery:  

We should be helpful and predictable so that we can be trusted by all development team and we can have project deliver in time.

3. Collaboration:

Client must be included in DSDM teams throughout the project and give decision-making authority to all team members.

4. Qualitative:

To ensure best quality continuous testing should be done, review should be taken and proper documentation should be done. Business agrees with quality while making product backlog.

5. Create gradually from solid foundation:

Project teams should guarantee that they know what to develop for the project. They also should not spend more time on understating which may lead to time loss. They must understand enough design work.

6. Developer repetition:

Take feedback from the company and utilize it to improve with each development iteration. Teams must also identify and respond to details that arise as the project or product evolves.

7. Clear and continuous communication:

Making prototype, having daily stand-up meetings are important DSDM tools. There should also be fostering informal communication and holding workshops, since they are also important. Small current and short document can be made if necessary. Large documentation is not necessary.

8. Demonstration control:

Every one in project should be crystal clear of what is happening and must have knowledge in DSDM process. All the plan and its progress should be known by each individual of a team.

Similarities and Differences

P r a c t I c e s	S c r u m	X P	D S D M
Accession (Approach)	Repetitive Increments	Increments are Repetitive	Repetitive
Time (week)	2to 4 weeks	1to 6 weeks	80% solution in 20% time
Team Size	5-10	Small team, 2-9	2-9, Independent Individual teams
Suitable Project size	Any types	Small size projects	Any types
Major Practices	Sprint, Scrum meetings, Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog	pair programming, pair programming, User stories, refactoring	Prototyping, practicality , business study

Scrum as best methodology

Below are some of my strong points to suggest Scrum is best methodology:

• The burn down charts is commonly used for tracking sprint progress. In planning graphical representations outperform the tabular list views.
• Planning poker, an effective method for determining sprint item completion times. Using Fibonacci numbers to design poker numbers is also a useful technique.
• ROI (Return on Investment) numbers may be used to prioritize items in any sprint. To calculate return on investment planning poker can be used.
• For process quality equipment, a map board and release planning/reporting software or tools like excel, sprint meter are enough. These tools can boost the releasing plan making further.
• Scrum technique does not require all documentation, but this does not imply “no documentation.” Documentation that is mainly necessary can be completed as per need.
• Scrum is agile method and daily meeting can be up to 15 min maximum, so other people in team doesn’t have to listen all problem of team. The issues in the meeting can be handled by scrum master and can resolve with subset of scrum team members easily.
• To keep meetings brief, stand-up meetings are preferable for everyday meetings. It is also advised that the meeting place and time should be at same day and every day.
• Product backlog can include products that may not be made. Some things may not be created based on ROI values, which is normal. In any case, the product backlog should include all conceivable products. Give backlog items ID numbers to make management easier.
• Changes in sprint length (in weeks) are not advised. Sprint week lengths, however, may be altered based on the findings of the sprint retrospective meeting if there are very compelling reasons.
• 6 hours each day is a reasonable amount of time to plan. All sprint hour is calculated by (no. of team members in scrum) * (no. of sprint in days) * 6 hours.

Vision App

Vision app is designed for Arbind Eye Care and Optical Centre. This app purpose is to sell sunglasses, contacts to customers. People can also make appointment using app.

User Story

User stories are a critical component of every agile development. They contribute to the creation of a user-centred framework for everyday work, which fosters cooperation, innovation, and a better product overall.

Personas

Team Size

Individuals dedicate themselves to the Scrum team’s objectives. The members of the Scrum Team have the guts to do what is right and deal with difficult issues. Priority is majorly the task regarding the Sprint and the objectives of Scrum team is a priority for everyone. Stakeholder or client and Scrum Team agrees that they can do any work and deal with the difficulties faced during sprint. In scrum both member and stake holder respect each other. I have chosen 5 Team members for this scrum app development.

Priority

Story Map Board

Release Plan

The purpose of the Release Plan is to decide when various sets of usable goods or features will be delivered to the customer, allowing the Scrum Team to keep track of the product’s releases and delivery timetable.

Acceptance Criteria

Acceptance criteria are likely to be known to agile development teams. However, when it comes to separating acceptance criteria and test combinations, teams frequently feel overburdened. Acceptance criteria are described as “conditions that a software product must fulfil in order for a user, customer, or other stakeholder to accept it.” (Source: Microsoft Press) This is a set of statements that specify a user’s needs or the features and functions of an application.

Sprint planning and backlog

Scrum methodology is used while designing app.  Product backlog is included in sprint backlog. To meet sprint objective, a team makes sure to complete all product backlog with conclusion.

Product backlog are added to make a complete project. Product owner adds all backlogs to sprint planning. Team owns the sprint backlog and it has the authority to make decision whether to add new things or delete old ones. This allows the team to focus on their goal for each sprint. Team member can add to product backlog if individual have idea in addition to existing backlog.

Spring planning is the framework in which team has to work within the sprint and planning can be done while initializing sprint. Each individual in a team can initialize their own way to achieve goal.

During the sprint, team can see the main sprint objective and use it as or pillar for the decision making in product backlog item. Since improving project performances.

Conclusion

While designing Vision app through scrum, I look closed to understanding of user requirement. Good Team with five people is chosen, story mapping is done properly with product backlog. Released plan is made with detailed explanation. Story point, time period estimated were discussed.  Detail explanation of acceptance criteria based on the user stories is made possible using scrum.

Spreadsheets Link:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ULkId4K1YBzgqOMeitWRoQUFeNsnqlCHZaCtegFgmlE/edit?usp=sharing

References

Productplan.com. 2021. Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM). [online] Available at: <https://www.productplan.com/glossary/dynamic-systems-development-method/> [Accessed 9 September 2021].